2013年12月英语四级考试语法知识57
2013年12月英语四级考试语法知识57
[注]主句的谓语动词如是过去时态，还须注意下面两种特殊情况：
1)从句所说明的如果是一般真理或客观事实，则仍用现在时态。如：
The teacher told the pupils that the earth is round.老师告诉学生地球是球形体的。
Somebody told me you an a writer.有人告诉我说你是一个作家。
2)从句如果有表示某一具体时间的状语，谓语动词所表示的动作虽发生在主句的谓语动词所表示的动作之前，一般仍用过去一般时，不用过去完成时。如：
The teacher told his pupi1s that the Chinese Communist Party was founded in Shanghai in l921. 老师告诉学生中国共产党于一九二一年在上海诞生。
My father told me that my grandfather was born in l900.我父亲告诉我，我祖父生于一九OO年。
[英语语法手册]助动词
助动词的形式与作用
1)英语常用的助动词(auxiliary verb)有shall，will，should，would，be，have，do等。助动词一般无词义，不能单独作谓语动词。助动词在句中的作用，在于帮助构成各种时态、语态、语气、否定和疑问结构等。如：
China has entered a great new era. 中国已进入了一个伟大的新时期。(帮助构成完成时态)
Some boys are playing on the grass. 一些男孩正在草地上玩。 (帮助构成进行时态)
Mother is written by Gorky. 《母亲》是高尔基写的。 (帮助构成被动语态)
We Shall have the football match if it does not rain.如果不下雨，我们就赛足球。(帮助构成将来时态和否定结构)
Do you see my point? 你明白我的意思吗?(帮助构成疑问结构)
[注]在否定结构中，not须放在助动词后面。
2)助动词加not一般都有简略式，用于口语中。如：
is not-isn't would not--wouldn't
are not--aren't [B:nt] have not--haven't
was not -- wasn't has not--hasn't
were not-- weren't [wE:nt] had not--hadn't
shall not--shan't [FB:nt] do not--don't [dEunt]
will not--won't [wEunt] does not--doesn't
should not--shouldn't did not--didn't
be
